Hewing apparatus for open-air mining.



E. WISGHOW. HEWING APPARATUS FOR OPEN APR MINING.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 12, 190B.

Patented Apr. 20, 1909.

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E. WISGHOW; HEWING APPARATUS FOR OPEN AIR MIXING.

APPLIOATIOII FILED HAP-.12, 190B.

Patented Apr..20, 1909.

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APPLIUATIOK FILED MAB.12, 190a.

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E. wxscnow. HEWING APPARATUS FOR OPEN AIR MINING.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 12 1908.

Patented Apr. 20, 1909.

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EMIL WISGHOW, OF LUEBEOK, GERMANY.

HEWING APPARATUS FOR OPEN-AIR MINING.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented April 20, 1909.

Application filed March 12, 1908. Serial No. 420,751.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, EMIL Vhsonow, a citi- Zen of the German Empire,residing at Luebeck, in the State of Luebeck and German Empire, haveinvented Improvements in Hewin A paratus for Open-Air Mining, of whichthe ibllowing is a specification.

This invention relates to hewing apparatus for the mining of minerals,especially of brown coal, which are to be worked in openair workings.

The essential novelty in the invention is the employment of a carriageor slide running along the working-face on a rigid guide rail whichcarriage or slide supports the cutting tools for hewing down thematerials.

The invention can be carried out in a great variety of ways. Thedrawings show some of the most important and preferable forms of theapparatus.

Figure 1 shows a side view of a hewing apparatus constructed inaccordance with the invention. Fig. 2 shows the tool-slide for the samedrawn to a larger scale. Fig. 8 shows a modification of the up er partof the apparatus shown in Fig. 1. ig. 4 is a side view of another hewingapparatus, the lower part of which is shown in front view in Fig. 5, andin plan in Fig. 6, while the upper p art is shown in plan in Fig. 7 andin back view in Fig. 8. Figs. 9 and 10 show respectively a front andside view of a special form of the cutting tool. Fig. 11 shows thearrangement of several such cutting tools in one tool-slide. Figs. 12and 13 show a side view and plan respectively of a tool-slide withrotating upper part. Fig. 14 shows a hewing apparatus with an adjustabletool, and Figs. 15 and 16 show, to a larger scale, a side view and planrespectively of a tool-slide with an adjustable tool. I

The arrangement illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2 shows two carriages, one ofwhich, 1, moves on rails 3 at the lower part of the working face to behewn down, the other, 2, on rails 4 at the top of the working face andboth parallel to the latter. The carriage 1 supports a framing, to thecorner point 5 of which is hinged a link 6. The carriage 2 likewisesupports a framing to which is hinged, at the point 7, a link 8. Thelinks 6 and 8 carry the rigid guide-rail 9 for the slide 10. The rigidguide-rail 9 consists of a lattice-girder the length of which issomewhat greater than the height of the working face to be hewn down,and is provided with guides, or the like, for the slide 10. The rigidguide-rail 9 is raised and lowered by the two rope or chain tackles l1and 12 its ends swinging around the points 5 and 7 by means of the twolinks 6 and 8. These two links 6 and 8 are of equal length, inconsequence of which the guide-rail 9 is guided parallel to itself, thatis to say, it remains always parallel to its original position. In Fig.1 the two extreme positions of the rigid guide-rail 9 are shown, thelower extreme position being shown in full lines, the upper in dottedlines. When the guide-rail 9 is of great length it is held by twosliding supports 13 and 14 which are hinged to the framing of thecarriages 1 and 2, and grasp the guide-rail 9 at the side turned awayfrom the working face, by means of sliding shoes 15 and 16. The slide 10guided on the rigid guide-rail carries, by means of rollers 17 and 18, achain or band 19 furnished with picks or cutters. This consists of oneor more endless chains carried side by side around the rollers 17 and18, which chains are provided at regular inter-- vals with cutters 20.An electric motor 21, or other suitable engine, turns the roller 18. Theslide 10 is iiXed to an endless rope 22 which is led over rollers 23 and24 at the ends of the guide-rail 9 and can be moved by a Windlass placedon the carriage 2. By means of this rope the slide 10 is moved up anddown at pleasure on the guide-rail 9.

On the lower carriage 1 is arranged a bucket-chain 25 which runs overthree sprocket wheels 26, 27, and 28. The front sprocket 28 is placed atthe connecting point of the link 6 with the rigid guide-rail 9. Thebucket-chain consequently adapts itself to every movement of the lowerend of the guide-rail 9. Each bucket of the bucketchain is furnishedwith a cutter so that it can take away, when the bucket-chain revolves,the hewn-down material. The link 6 forms at the same time thebucket-guide for the front part of the bucket-chain. The rearsprocket-wheel 26 of the bucket-chain is driven by any suitable motor.The buckets of the bucket-chain 25 empty themselves, in passing over therear sprocket 26, and pour their contents on to an inclined plane 29which delivers them to a traveling band 30 connected to the carriage 1by means of a carrier 81. This traveling band 30 throws its contentsinto a hopper 32 movable to and fro on the carrier 31, not wholly shownin the drawings, from which hopper the maof the working face.

terials fall into the wagon 33 of a transportrailway 34 which conveysthe material to the place where it is to be operated upon, or to thestore.

The above described apparatus operates as follows :Assuming that thecarriages 1 and 2 with the whole apparatus are standing at the end ofthe working face which is to be hewn down, and the guide-rail 9 in theposition shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1. The slide 10 stands at the topof the upper edge of the working face to be hewn down. The cutter-chain19 is set in motion by its motor 21 and the bucket-chain by its motor.in this chain 19 may penetrate to a certain depth into the working faceto be hewn down, which depth is dependent upon the nature of thematerials to be operated upon. The slide 1.0 is now moved downward onthe guide-rail 9 and the material that stands opposite the cutters isloosened thereby. The loosened material falls down the working face andis received by the buckets of the bucket-chain 25. When the slide 10 hasreached the lower end of the guiderail 9 it *ill have hewn down a stripof the working face corresponding to the working width of thecutter-chain 19 and of the whole height Then the carriages 1 and 2 aresimultaneously pushed forwariil a distance equal to the width of the outjust 1 ade, while the cutter-chain 19 and bucketchain continue to workand loosen the material opposite to them. The slide 10 is now againdrawn up to the upper edge of the working face while it continues toher: down the material in front of it. W hen the slide 10 has againreached the top of the working face the carriages 1 and are again pushedforward by the width of a cut, and the slide 10 is again moved downward.The process is continued until the whole working face has been hewn downto the depth of the cut. The guide-rail 9 is then lowered by slackeningout the tackles 11 and 12 so far that the cutter-chain 19 and thebucket-chain can penetrate afresh to a definite depth into the workingface, and the above described movements of the apparatus are repeated.As the bucket-chain 25 reaches close up to the lower end of the rigidguide-ra" 9 it hews out mechanically the part of the working face at thefoot of the apparatus, which has not been reached by the cutter-chain.

W hen the rigid guide-rail 9 reaches the position shown in full lines inFig. 1 it is, after completion of its last proposed cut, drawn up intoits highest position, and the rails 3 and 4 are, with the entireapparatus, moved so far forward that the cutter-chain 19 comes againclose to the working face. The above described operation is thenrecommenced. But the revolving cutters and their guidance on a rigidguide-rail allows of the apparatus hewing each separate part of theworking face instead of working the whole thereof uniformly. if, forexample, there occurs in the brown coal to be won a horizontal seam ofloam or the like, the slide 10 may be clamped to the guide-rail 9 at theheight of the seam of loam and then by moving the carriages 1 and 2 ontheir rails 3 and 4 the seam of loam only will be hewn out, so that itwill not be mixed with the brown coal when the latter is hewn down. Whenthe part to be separately hewn runs obliquely, the slide 19 and thecarriages 1 and 2 are moved simultaneously in the required directions.position of matters the cutter 29 of the cutter [is the cutting toolsrotate they can begin and end the cut at any required position on theworking face.

Fig. 3 shows a somewhat different arrangement of the upper carriage ofthe apparatus. In this case the upper carriage carries on its framing acircular segmental guide 36 for the upper end of the rigid guide-rail 9,the radius of which guide 36 is equal to the length of the link (3. Thisguide also allows, jointly with the link 6 a constrained parallelguidance of the guide-rail 9.

Figs. 1, 5, 6, 7 and 8 show another modifi cation of the invention. Thespecial feature in this arrangement is that the carriages 1 and 2 areerected on special under-carriages rotatable against the undersides ofthe carriage frames, so that the carriages can be taken around sharpcurves in the rails 8 and 1.

The carriage 1 runs on two rails 3. On each rail run three bogie-frames37, each free to turn independently of the others. The middlebogie-frames are also movable to slight extent at right angles to thedirection of the rails. in this way the carriage 1 can be taken aroundvery sharp curves as shown in Fig. 6. In Figs. 7 and 8 it is seen thatthe carriage 2 is erected on two bogie frames 38, which likewise enableit to pass sharp rail curves. The hewing apparatus is, by means of theseturnable under carriages S7 and 38, in a position to hew down theworking face at places where it has sharp corners and curves, withoutinterruption or inconvenience.

In Fig. 9 is shown a shaft 39 turning in bearings, which shaft is causedto rotate byany s uitable means, not shown in the drawings. The shaftcarries at its front end a disk 40 provided with cutters ll. In thedrawing all the cutters are arranged in a circle near the edge of thedisk. They may, however, be distributed in various positions on thesurface of the disk. This tool is specially suited for penetrating intothe working face. It has the advantage that it operates always with atleast half of the cutters acting at one time as the slide moves alongthe rigid guide-rail 9. Several of the rotating cutterdisks 410 1na bearranged side by side in the slide 10.

Fig. 11 shows a case wherein two cutterdisks -40' are present. There arealso in the same figure two other cutter-disks shown in by which theslide 10 is moved, depends for its direction upon the direction ofrotation of the disks. It therefore, two disks, or other rotating cuttertools on the slide, rotate in opposite directions the strains exerted bythe two tools act in opposition, and the rope is relieved from strain.

Figs. 12 and 13 show a special arrangement of the tool-slide. In thiscase the slide is divided into an upper part 42 and a lower part 43. Thelower part 43 is adapted to ro tate on the upper part 42, and can beclamped thereto in any required position. Fig. 13 shows a position ofthe lower part 43 in which the cutter-chain 19 runs parallel to therigid guide-rail 9, while in dotted lines is shown a position of thelower part 43 in which the cutter chain 19 runs at right angles to therigid guide-rail 9. By turning the lower part 43 it is aossible to suitthe direction of motion anc the width of cuttertool to the direction inwhich the seams to be hewn down lie, and in which the tool is to bemoved over the working face. The kind of rotating tool that is to becarried by the lower part 43 be varied, for example, the twocutter-disks shown in full lines in Fig. 11, may be arranged on thelower part 43. According to the position of the lower part 43 a broaderor a narrower strip of the working face can be hewn down.

In Fig. 14 is shown a hewing apparatus in which the forward movement ofthe tool toward the working face is effected in a manner different fromthat employed in the apparatuses shown in Figs. 1 and 4. in this casethere is fitted to the carriage 1 a rigid guiderail 44, fixedpermanently to the framing of the carriage 1, and is not supported by asecond or upper carriage. That, however, is not the essential feature ofthis form of hewing apparatus, as the guiderail 44 may without departingfrom the nature of the invention, be connected flexibly to the carriage1 and be supported by an upper carriage. The slide 45, movable on therigid guide-rail carries a rotating cutting tool 46 which is driven byany suitable motor. This tool is movable on the slide in the directionof the shaft 47, so that it can be moved forward toward th working facewhile the rigid guide-rail remains stationary. A similar construction ofthe slide is shown in Figs. 15 and 16. The slide 45 carries, in thiscase, a movable part 48 on which the cutter-roller 49 is ournaled. Thiscutter-roller is rotated by means 01' an &

electric motor 50, with the help of a train of gearing 51, the chain 52and the sprocket wheels 53 and 54. By moving the part 48 on the slide 45the cutter-roller can be moved toward and away from the rigid guide-rail44.

lVith the apparatuses shown in Figs. 14, 15 and 16 the hewing down ofthe working face is carried out in the same way as with the apparatusshown in Fig. 1. Only at the parts where, in the apparatus shown in Fig.1, the rigid guide-rail 9 is raised and lowered by means of the tackles11 and 12 the cutting tool 46, or the cutter-roller 49 is moved for wardor backward. This apparatus has the advantage of greater simplicity, notonly in the construction but in the manipulation, for it is notnecessary to move the heavy guiderail 9 every time for producing theforward movement.

Numerous modifications may be made in the apparatuses described withoutdeparting from the scope of the invention. It is especially indill'erentwhat kind of rotating cutting tool is employed in the slide. As thedrawings show it may he a cutter-disk, a cutter-chain, or acutter-roller, and yet other forms may be used. t is also unimportant inwhat way the frame of the hewing apparatus is constructed. Theconstructions shown are only given by way oi example.

I claim:

1. An apparatus for hewing minerals in open workings, comprising a rigidguide rail, a slide movably supported and guided on said rail, arotating cutting tool carried by said slide, and independent means {orsupporting and adjusting the upper and lower ends of the guide rail.

2. An apparatus for hewing minerals in open workings comprising a rigidguide rail, a slide movably supported andguided on said rail, a rotatingcutting tool carried by said slide, independent means for supporting andadjusting the upper and lower ends 01" the guide rail, and means iorconstraining the guide rail to move parallel to' itself.

3. Apparatus for hewing minerals in open workings in which abucket-chain is com bined with the lower end of the rigid guiderail forthe tool-slide.

4. An apparatus for hewing minerals in open workings having abucket-chain connected with the lower end of a rigid guiderail for atool-slide, in which the connecting links for the -movement of the rigidguiderail are so arranged that the deepest position is reached when theguide-rail has completed its forward movement.

Apparatus for hewing minerals in open 6. Apparatus for hewing mineralsin open workings in which the carriages carrying the 1 rigid guide-raii01 the tool-slide are mounted upon rotatable under carriages.

7. A tool-slide for hewing apparatus with several rotating cutter-toolstwo of which rotate in opposite directions to one another.

8 A tool-slide for hewing apparatus which consists of an up er parthaving a lower part arranged rotatably and adjust-ably thereon, whichlower part carries a rotating cutting 5 tool. E

9. Apparatus for hewing minerals in open Workings having a tool-slidemoving on a rigid guide-rail and carrying a rotating out- 15 ting-toolVVhiPh can be fed forward from the slide.

In. Witness whereof'l have hereunto set my hand in presence of twoWitnesses.

EMIL VVTISOHOVV.

VJiUlGSSGSI FELIX NEUBAUER, HENRY HASPER.

